Effect of dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine transversus abdominis plane block on analgesia and cognitive impairment risk in colorectal cancer surgery

Table 1 Comparison of Visual Analogy Scale levels among different groups after surgery, n = 30 for each group

Time point	Youth control group	Youth observation group	Elderly control group	Elderly observation group	t	P value
2 hours post-surgery	4.35 ± 0.87	3.55 ± 0.74	4.15 ± 0.85	3.45 ± 0.70	2.581	0.012
6 hours post-surgery	3.75 ± 0.82	2.85 ± 0.68	3.55 ± 0.80	2.75 ± 0.65	3.511	0.001
12 hours post-surgery	3.30 ± 0.75	2.60 ± 0.64	3.10 ± 0.78	2.50 ± 0.59	4.256	< 0.001
24 hours post-surgery	2.90 ± 0.70	2.20 ± 0.60	2.80 ± 0.73	2.05 ± 0.57	4.341	< 0.001
48 hours post-surgery	2.60 ± 0.65	2.00 ± 0.59	2.40 ± 0.66	1.90 ± 0.58	3.731	0.003

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference.

Table 2 Comparison of postoperative Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores among different groups, n = 30 for each group

Time point	Youth control group	Youth observation group	Elderly control group	Elderly observation group	t	P value
1 day before surgery	27.80 ± 1.08	27.75 ± 1.12	27.40 ± 1.22	27.25 ± 1.06	0.521	0.611
1 day post-surgery	25.20 ± 1.54	23.10 ± 1.60	24.20 ± 1.49	22.00 ± 1.69	3.437	0.002
3 days post-surgery	25.40 ± 1.43	23.80 ± 1.58	24.80 ± 1.40	23.10 ± 1.60	2.983	0.007
7 days post-surgery	26.20 ± 1.30	24.60 ± 1.45	25.80 ± 1.38	24.40 ± 1.56	3.205	0.003

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference.

Table 3 Comparison of serum inflammatory factor levels between two groups

Time point	Group	IL-6 (pg/mL)	TNF-α (pg/mL)	CRP (mg/L)
1 day before surgery	Observation	12.45 ± 3.15	8.73 ± 2.22	3.45 ± 1.02
	Control	12.39 ± 3.09	8.69 ± 2.18	3.42 ± 0.98
6 hours after surgery	Observation	26.78 ± 5.32	16.45 ± 3.47	7.89 ± 2.15
	Control	35.12 ± 6.48	22.67 ± 4.56	10.34 ± 2.87
24 hours after surgery	Observation	18.65 ± 4.08	12.34 ± 2.98	5.23 ± 1.65
	Control	25.78 ± 5.21	17.89 ± 3.84	7.68 ± 2.12
48 hours after surgery	Observation	14.32 ± 3.67	10.12 ± 2.45	4.12 ± 1.34
	Control	19.65 ± 4.35	13.78 ± 3.12	5.89 ± 1.78
Time main effect F value		87.452	92.678	79.345
Time main effect P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Group main effect F value		36.541	41.763	34.217
Group main effect P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Interaction F value		9.328	10.456	8.974
Interaction P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference. IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; CRP: C-reactive protein.

Table 4 Comparison of serum stress hormone levels between two groups

Time point	Group	Cor (nmol/L)	t	P value	AD (ng/mL)	t	P value
1 day before surgery	Observation	295.45 ± 36.25	-0.118	0.906	15.23 ± 3.45	-0.344	0.731
	Control	296.23 ± 35.78			15.45 ± 3.56
6 hours after surgery	Observation	450.32 ± 40.12	-7.973	< 0.001	25.32 ± 4.67	-6.096	< 0.001
	Control	512.67 ± 45.34			30.78 ± 5.12
24 hours after surgery	Observation	395.65 ± 38.78	-6.949	< 0.001	22.45 ± 4.12	-6.671	< 0.001
	Control	445.89 ± 40.56			27.89 ± 4.78
48 hours after surgery	Observation	320.45 ± 35.34	-5.198	< 0.001	18.45 ± 3.67	-4.653	< 0.001
	Control	355.67 ± 38.78			21.67 ± 3.89

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference. Cor: Cortisol; AD: Adrenaline.

Table 5 Comparison of adverse reactions between two groups, n (%)

Time point	Group	Nausea	Vomit	Headache	Hypotension	Local numbness	χ2	P value
6 hours after surgery	Observation	3 (5.00)	2/3.33	1 (1.67)	4 (6.67)	2 (3.33)	1.087	0.9
	Control	4 (6.67)	3/5.00	2 (3.33)	5 (8.33)	3 (5.00)
24 hours after surgery	Observation	2 (3.33)	1/1.67	0	2 (3.33)	1 (1.67)	2.066	0.733
	Control	3 (5.00)	2/3.33	1 (1.67)	3 (5.00)	2 (3.33)
48 hours after surgery	Observation	1 (1.67)	1/1.67	0	1 (1.67)	1 (1.67)	1.667	0.798
	Control	2 (3.33)	2/3.33	1 (1.67)	2 (3.33)	2 (3.33)

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference.

Table 6 Comparison of nuclear factor κB activity levels between two groups after surgery

Group	24 hours phosphorylated p65 level (relative value)	48 hours phosphorylated p65 level (relative value)	72 hours phosphorylated p65 level (relative value)	96 hours phosphorylated p65 level (relative value)	120 hours phosphorylated p65 level (relative value)	F value	P value
Control group	1.05 ± 0.12	1.25 ± 0.15	1.40 ± 0.18	1.50 ± 0.20	1.60 ± 0.22
Observation group	0.75 ± 0.10	0.55 ± 0.08	0.45 ± 0.07	0.35 ± 0.06	0.30 ± 0.05	24.539	< 0.001
P value	0.02	0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

P < 0.05 indicated significant difference.