Enhanced recovery after surgery continuity nursing in elderly gastric cancer patients

Table 1 Demographics of patients undergoing gastrectomy, mean ± SD/n (%)

Parameters	Routine group (n = 156)	ERAS-C group (n = 166)	t/χ²	P value
Gender (male/female)	107 (68.59)/49 (31.41)	109 (65.66)/57 (34.34)	0.312	0.576
Age (years)	70.84 ± 10.17	69.66 ± 10.12	1.043	0.298
BMI (kg/m²)	22.12 ± 3.40	22.51 ± 3.11	1.070	0.285
Degree of education			0.874	0.928
Junior high school and below	68 (43.59)	73 (43.98)
Technical secondary school	36 (23.08)	40 (24.10)
High school	30 (19.23)	26 (15.66)
Junior college	13 (8.33)	16 (9.64)
University and above	9 (5.77)	11 (6.63)
Smoking history	59 (37.82)	54 (32.53)	0.988	0.320
Drinking history	71 (45.51)	67 (40.36)	0.871	0.351
Employment	113 (72.44)	121 (72.89)	0.008	0.927
Diabetes	52 (33.33)	50 (30.12)	0.384	0.536
Hypertension	111 (71.15)	116 (69.88)	0.063	0.802
Residence area (town/rural)	85 (54.49)/71 (45.51)	93 (56.02)/73 (43.98)	0.077	0.782
Live alone	22 (14.10)	19 (11.45)	0.511	0.475
Tumor location			5.538	0.136
Upper	32 (20.51)	49 (29.52)
Middle	73 (46.79)	61 (36.75)
Lower	40 (25.64)	48 (28.92)
Remnant stomach	11 (7.05)	8 (4.82)
Clinical TNM stage			0.363	0.834
I	11 (7.05)	14 (8.43)
II	105 (67.31)	107 (64.46)
III	40 (25.64)	45 (27.11)

BMI: Body mass index; ERAD-C: Enhanced recovery after surgery-control; TNM: Tumor, node, metastasis. The TNM stages were based on the eighth edition of the Union for International Center Control/American Joint Committee on Cancer classification system.

Table 2 Comparison of operative and pathological stages between two groups of patients, mean ± SD/n (%)

Parameters	Routine group (n = 156)	ERAS-C group (n = 166)	t/χ²	P value
Tumor histology (Lauren)			5.474	0.065
Intestinal	85 (54.49)	100 (60.24)
Diffuse	22 (14.10)	32 (19.28)
Others	49 (31.41)	34 (20.48)
Type of gastrectomy			5.729	0.220
Total (including completion)	41 (26.28)	46 (27.71)
Distal	85 (54.49)	79 (47.59)
Proximal	1 (0.64)	5 (3.01)
Pylorus-preserving	15 (9.62)	25 (15.06)
Other	14 (8.97)	11 (6.63)
Open approach	134 (85.90)	132 (79.52)	2.278	0.131
Operative time (minutes)	298.31 ± 40.94	300.14 ± 45.68	0.377	0.706
Length of postoperative stay (days)	13.85 ± 3.69	14.32 ± 3.11	1.245	0.214

ERAD-C: Enhanced recovery after surgery-control.

Table 3 Comparison of complication status within one postoperative month between two groups of patients, n (%)

Parameters	Routine group (n = 156)	ERAS-C group (n = 166)	χ²	P value
Overall complications	18 (11.54)	9 (5.42)	3.917	0.048
Major complications	9 (5.77)	2 (1.20)	5.078	0.024
Pulmonary embolism	1 (0.64)	0 (0.00)
Anastomosis leakage	4 (2.56)	1 (0.60)
Intra-abdominal bleeding	2 (1.28)	0 (0.00)
Intra-abdominal abscess	2 (1.28)	1 (0.60)
Minor complications	9 (5.77)	7 (4.22)	0.410	0.522
Wound infection	2 (1.28)	2 (1.20)
Ileus	4 (2.56)	3 (1.81)
Urinary tract infection	2 (1.28)	1 (0.60)
Atelectasis	1 (0.64)	1 (0.60)

ERAD-C: Enhanced recovery after surgery-control.

Table 4 Comparison of nursing satisfaction one month postoperatively between the two groups, mean ± SD

Parameters	Routine group (n = 156)	ERAS-C group (n = 166)	t value	P value
Technical service quality	18.27 ± 1.44	18.16 ± 1.15	0.755	0.451
Nurses’ interpersonal communication ability	9.01 ± 0.67	9.24 ± 0.63	3.301	0.001
Nurse-patient communication level	9.25 ± 0.58	9.57 ± 0.74	4.396	< 0.001
Service economy	8.33 ± 1.56	8.45 ± 1.34	0.738	0.461
Service timeliness	8.85 ± 1.20	9.36 ± 1.03	4.130	< 0.001
Service accessibility	16.98 ± 1.34	17.35 ± 1.57	2.274	0.024
Total	75.23 ± 7.03	80.36 ± 7.24	6.450	< 0.001

ERAD-C: Enhanced recovery after surgery-control.

Table 5 Comparison of quality of life one month postoperatively between the two groups, mean ± SD

Parameters	Routine group (n = 156)	ERAS-C group (n = 166)	t value	P value
Dysphagia	20.26 ± 3.77	19.18 ± 2.54	2.992	0.003
Pain	25.77 ± 3.49	24.74 ± 3.68	2.585	0.010
Eating restrictions	22.18 ± 2.85	19.96 ± 1.77	8.335	< 0.001
Anxiety	40.52 ± 6.98	38.67 ± 3.46	2.977	0.003
Dry mouth	30.66 ± 5.43	28.72 ± 2.15	4.166	< 0.001
Body image	40.03 ± 4.15	38.96 ± 2.54	2.760	0.006

ERAD-C: Enhanced recovery after surgery-control.