Combined application of the preclosure technique and traction approach facilitates endoscopic full-thickness resection of gastric submucosal tumors

Table 1 Comparison of the baseline data of patients in the preclosure and non-preclosure groups

Group	Sex (patients)		Age (years) (mean ± SD)	Hypertension (cases)	Diabetes mellitus (case)	History of abdominal surgery (case)
	Male	Female
Preclosure group	22	32	57.13 ± 10.37	13	2	14
Non-preclosure group	16	24	54.18 ± 8.44	6	3	9
χ2/t value	0.005		1.475	1.173	0.120	0.146
P value	0.942		0.144	0.279	0.729	0.702

Table 2 The endoscope and related instruments

Instrument name	Model	Manufacturer
Gastroscope host	EPK-i7000	PENTAX
Electronic upper gastrointestinal endoscope	EG29-i103.2	PENTAX
High-frequency electric cutting device	VI200S	ERBE
CO2 insufflator	UCR	Olympus
IT knife	KD-612 L	Olympus
Dual knife	KD-650 L	Olympus
Transparent cap	D-201-11804	Olympus
Thermal biopsy forceps	HDBF-2.4-230-S	COOK
Injection needle	VIN-23	COOK
Electric snare	AG-5072-242523	AGS MedTech
Clip device	AG-51042-1950-135-16	AGS MedTech
Irrigation pump	MD4-185	AOHUA

Table 3 Tumor sites in the two groups of patients

Group	Tumor site [n (%)]
	Gastric body	Gastric fundus	Fundus-gastric body junction	Posterior wall of the cardia	Ridge between the gastric body and fundus	Gastric angle	Gastric antrum
Preclosure group (n = 54)	19 (35.2)	32 (59.2)	3 (5.6)
Non-preclosure group (n = 40)	14 (35.0)	18 (45.0)	3 (7.5)	1 (2.5)	1 (2.5)	1 (2.5)	2 (5.0)

Table 4 Comparison of surgical conditions between the two groups of patients

Group	Wound closure time (min)	Number of titanium clips used (pcs)	Number of fasting days (days)	Length of postoperative hospital stay (days)	Need for an indwelling gastric tube [n (%)]
Preclosure group (n = 54)	6.69 ± 2.10	8.93 ± 2.23	3.61 ± 0.78	6.41 ± 1.31	9 (16.7)
Non-preclosure group (n = 40)	11.65 ± 3.78	12.05 ± 4.49	3.73 ± 0.84	6.13 ± 1.06	13 (32.5)
χ2/t value	7.479	4.043	0.672	1.116	3.213
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.504	0.267	0.073

Table 5 Pathological results for the two groups of patients

Group	Pathological type [n (%)]
	Gastrointestinal stromal tumor	Leiomyoma	Ectopic pancreatic tissue	Calcified fibrous tumor	Spindle cell tumor	Schwannoma	Lipoma
Preclosure group (n = 54)	43 (79.6)	7 (12.9)		2 (3.7)		1 (1.9)	1 (1.9)
Non-preclosure group (n = 40)	30 (75.0)	7 (17.5)	1 (2.5)		1 (2.5)	1 (2.5)