Analysis of risk factors for dysphagia in patients after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy

Table 1 Eating Assessment Tool-10 swallowing screening scale

Eating Assessment Tool-10 swallowing screening scale	Score
The difficulty in swallowing caused me to lose weight	0	1	2	3	4
The problem of swallowing prevented me from eating out as before	0	1	2	3	4
It takes a lot of energy to drink a drink	0	1	2	3	4
It takes a lot of effort to eat solid food	0	1	2	3	4
It takes a lot of effort to swallow pills	0	1	2	3	4
The process of swallowing causes pain	0	1	2	3	4
The problem of swallowing made it impossible for me to enjoy my meal	0	1	2	3	4
I will feel something stuck in my throat after eating	0	1	2	3	4
Cough while eating	0	1	2	3	4
The process of swallowing makes me nervous	0	1	2	3	4

0 indicates no problem and 4 indicates the most serious problem. A total score of ≥ 3 indicates a possible risk of dysphagia.

Table 2 The general condition of the patient before operation is counted, n (%)

Variable	Patients with dysphagia (n = 18)	Patients without dysphagia (n = 97)	P value
Gender			0.271
Male	16 (88.9)	75 (77.3)	-
Female	2 (11.1)	22 (22.7)	-
Age, years, mean ± SD	69.22 ± 7.030	64.71 ± 8.565	0.017
Preoperative nutritional status
BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD	20.51 ± 2.86	21.99 ± 3.22	0.071
Serum albumin (g/L), mean ± SD	34.44 ± 4.32	38.99 ± 5.64	0.002
Hypertension	35 (36.1)	7 (38.9)	0.820
Diabetes	4 (22.2)	26 (26.8)	0.684
Coronary heart disease	4 (22.2)	12 (12.4)	0.267
Smoking	10 (55.6)	41 (42.3)	0.297
Alcohol	7 (38.9)	43 (44.3)	0.669
Thyroid disease	1 (5.6)	5 (5.2)	0.944
Chronic bronchitis or COPD	4 (22.2)	6 (6.2)	0.027

BMI: Body mass index; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Table 3 Operation related data statistics, n (%)

Variable	Patients with dysphagia (n = 18)	Patients without dysphagia (n = 97)	P value
Surgical method	-	-	0.036
II anastomosis	13 (72.2)	44 (45.4)	-
Overlap anastomosis	5 (27.8)	53 (54.6)	-
Tracheal intubation time, mean ± SD	204.11 ± 7.64	181.75 ± 2.43	< 0.001
Amount of bleeding, mean ± SD	97.22 ± 23.99	103.76 ± 7.80	0.754
Postoperative complications	2 (11.1)	6 (6.2)	0.451

Table 4 Postoperative pathologic data were analyzed, n (%)

Variable	Patients with dysphagia (n = 18)	Patients without dysphagia (n = 97)	P value
Msi	1 (5.6)	4 (4.1)	0.784
Her2+	2 (11.1)	10 (10.3)	0.919
Pathology type of tumor	-	-	0.803
Adenocarcinoma	17 (94.4)	86 (88.7)	-
Signet-ring cell carcinoma	1 (5.6)	6 (6.2)	-
Neuroendocrine tumor	0	1 (1.0)	-
Low adhesion carcinoma	0	4 (4.1)	-
The longest diameter of the tumor (cm) mean ± SD	3.16 ± 1.77	4.40 ± 2.66	0.058
Tumor location			0.925
Upper	2 (11.1)	13 (13.4)	-
Middle	4 (22.2)	24 (24.7)	-
Lower	12 (66.7)	60 (61.9)	-
Tumor differentiation			0.117
Poor	14 (77.8)	75 (77.3)	-
Moderate-poor	2 (11.1)	20 (20.6)	-
Medium	2 (11.1)	2 (2.1)	-
The pT category			0.461
< T2	1 (5.6)	11 (11.3)	-
T2-T4a	17 (94.4)	86 (88.7)	-
The pN category			0.087
0	9 (50.0)	34 (35.1)	-
1	5 (27.8)	11 (11.3)	-
2	3 (16.7)	19 (19.6)	-
3	1 (5.6)	33 (34.0)	-

Msi: Microsatellite instability; Her2+: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

Table 5 Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis

Variable	B	SE	Wals	P value	Exp
Age, years	0.86	0.040	4.567	0.033	1.090
Surgical method	1.341	0.722	3.450	0.043	3.822
Serum albumin (g/L)	-0.173	0.064	7.369	0.007	0.841
Chronic bronchitis or COPD	1.445	0.934	2.397	0.122	4.244
Tracheal intubation time	0.030	0.012	6.212	0.013	1.031
Constant	-7.029	4.012	3.069	0.080	0.001

COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.