Effects of nursing under the enhanced recovery after surgery concept on time to first ambulation after laparoscopic hepatectomy

Table 1 Comparison of general data, mean ± SD/n (%)

Index	Observation group (n = 59)	Control group (n = 60)	P value
Age, years	55.0 ± 10.0	56.0 ± 11.0	0.379
Gender, male	30 (50.8)	28 (46.7)	0.514
BMI (kg/m2)	21.23 ± 3.05	21.26 ± 3.24	0.735
ASA status			0.732
I	24 (40.68)	25 (41.67)
II	21 (35.59)	20 (33.33)
III	14 (23.73)	15 (25.00)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	12 (20.34)	13 (21.67)	0.174
Diabetes	9 (15.25)	8 (13.33)	0.235
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.6 ± 1.5	13.4 ± 1.4	0.746
Smoking history			0.182
Yes	18 (30.51)	18 (30.0)
No	41 (69.49)	42 (70.0)
Drinking history		0.196
Yes	21 (35.59)	23 (38.33)
No	38 (64.41)	37 (61.67)

BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Comparison of gastrointestinal function recovery between the two groups, mean ± SD

Index	Control group (n = 60)	Observation group (n = 59)
Length of stay (day)	12.65 ± 5.16	7.02 ± 1.54
First out of bed time (hour)	38.76 ± 4.71	21.83 ± 2.43

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative complications between the two groups, n (%)

Group	Control group (n = 60)	Observation group (n = 59)	P value
Surgical site infection	3 (5.08)	0 (0)	< 0.001
Gastrointestinal discomfort	2 (3.39)	1 (1.67)
Urinary tract infection	3 (5.08)	1 (1.67)
Lower limb venous thrombosis	2 (3.39)	0 (0)
Total incidents	10 (16.95)	2 (3.33)

Table 4 Comparison of numerical rating scale scores between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	Control group (n = 60)	Observation group (n = 59)	P value
Before nursing	6.57 ± 1.03	6.48 ± 1.25	< 0.001
After nursing	4.73 ± 0.91	2.64 ± 0.89