Application value of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia for elderly patients undergoing radical colon cancer surgery

Table 1 Comparison of demographic information between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	Age (years)	BMI (kg/m2)	Sex		Years of education	ASA grade
				Male	Female		I	II	III
A	59	71.4 ± 4.3	21.99 ± 1.90	39 (66.10)	20 (33.90)	4.88 ± 1.25	15 (25.42)	28 (47.46)	16 (27.12)
B	58	70.8 ± 4.5	22.20 ± 2.14	32 (54.24)	26 (44.07)	5.04 ± 1.64	20 (34.48)	25 (43.1)	13 (22.41)
t/χ2		0.737	-0.562	1.464		-0.594	1.186
P value		0.462	0.576	0.264		0.554	0.553

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of disease information between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	Systolic pressure (mmHg)	Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	Heart rate (times/min)	Lesion diameter (cm)	TNM stage
							I	II	III
A group	59	124.0 ± 6.8	76.5 ± 7.2	6.15 ± 0.64	78.8 ± 7.2	4.48 ± 1.40	17 (28.81)	32 (54.24)	9 (15.25)
B group	58	122.6 ± 6.2	78.5 ± 8.0	6.28 ± 0.71	80.4 ± 8.1	4.81 ± 1.67	11 (18.97)	34 (58.62)	14 (24.14)
t/χ2		1.163	-1.422	-1.041	-1.130	-1.159	2.425
P value		0.247	0.158	0.300	0.261	0.249	0.297

TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.

Table 3 Comparison of operation and anesthetic dosage between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	n	Operation time (min)	Anesthesia time (min)	Bleeding volume (mL)	Dosage of propofol (mg)	Remifentanil dosage (μg)
A	59	167.9 ± 16.8	183.4 ± 15.0	277.5 ± 43.8	654.7 ± 67.0	866.4 ± 55.8
B	58	170.5 ± 17.2	189.1 ± 17.4	273.8 ± 47.2	695.8 ± 74.1	913.0 ± 68.6
t		-0.827	-1.899	0.440	-3.148	-4.034
P value		0.410	0.060	0.661	0.002	0.000

Table 4 Comparison of bispectral index and regional cerebral oxygen saturation values between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Index	Group	Before anesthesia induction	Immediately after tracheal intubation	30 min after start of surgery	Immediately after extubation	5 min after extubation
rSO2 (%)	A (n = 59)	73.40 ± 4.40	66.18 ± 2.94	67.40 ± 2.86	69.04 ± 3.10	72.26 ± 3.35
	B (n = 58)	74.53 ± 3.78	64.07 ± 3.11	64.67 ± 3.15	66.12 ± 3.76	71.54 ± 3.43
	t	-1.489	3.772	4.910	4.587	1.149
	P value	0.139	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.253
BIS	A (n = 59)	93.78 ± 1.65	48.40 ± 2.44	51.73 ± 2.73	56.20 ± 3.45	89.76 ± 2.80
	B (n = 58)	93.16 ± 1.73	49.23 ± 2.61	52.50 ± 2.87	57.43 ± 3.61	88.72 ± 3.41
	t	1.984	-1.777	-1.487	-1.884	1.804
	P value	0.050	0.078	0.140	0.062	0.074

rSO2: Regional cerebral oxygen saturation; BIS: Bispectral index.

Table 5 Comparison of glucose uptake rate and lactate production rate between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Index	Group	Before anesthesia induction	Immediately after tracheal intubation	30 min after start of surgery	Immediately after extubation	5 min after extubation
GluER (μg/L)	A (n = 59)	6.83 ± 0.21	6.77 ± 0.19	6.73 ± 0.21	6.75 ± 0.19	6.70 ± 0.20
	B (n = 58)	6.89 ± 0.25	6.43 ± 0.42	6.28 ± 0.48	6.29 ± 0.34	6.31 ± 0.33
	t	-1.407	5.657	6.589	9.054	7.746
	P value	0.162	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
LacPR (μg/L)	A (n = 59)	4.41 ± 0.27	4.89 ± 0.30	5.10 ± 0.37	5.19 ± 0.35	4.94 ± 0.30
	B (n = 58)	4.35 ± 0.31	5.28 ± 0.41	5.43 ± 0.40	5.49 ± 0.38	5.21 ± 0.47
	t	1.117	-5.879	-4.634	-4.443	-3.710
	P value	0.266	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

GluER: Glucose uptake rate; LacPR: Lactate production rate.

Table 6 Comparison of serum S100β and neuron-specific enolase levels between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	n	S100β (ng/L)		NSE (ng/L)
		Before operation	24 h after operation	Before operation	24 h after operation
A	59	0.58 ± 0.15	0.96 ± 0.25	3.96 ± 0.88	5.27 ± 1.03
B	58	0.53 ± 0.17	1.21 ± 0.29	3.84 ± 0.90	6.91 ± 1.27
t		1.688	-4.997	0.729	-7.678
P value		0.094	0.000	0.467	0.000

NSE: Neuron-specific enolase.

Table 7 Comparison of incidence of cognitive dysfunction between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	1 d after operation	3 d after operation	5 d after operation	7 d after operation
A	59	7 (11.86)	7 (11.86)	3 (5.08)	1 (1.69)
B	58	16 (27.59)	14 (24.14)	11 (18.97)	3 (5.17)
χ2		4.577	2.992	5.350	1.071
P value		0.032	0.084	0.021	0.301

Table 8 Comparison of incidence of adverse reactions caused by anesthesia between the two groups

Group	n	Nausea	Vomiting	Bradycardia	Respiratory depression	Overall adverse reactions (%)
A	59	3	1	1	0	5 (8.47)
B	58	8	3	2	1	14 (24.14)
χ2						5.275
P value						0.022