Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage vs percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the two subgroups

	EUS-BD (n = 33)	PTBD (n = 35)	t/χ2	P value
Age (mean SD, yr)	66.13 ± 10.04	64.36 ± 9.28	0.755	0.453
Sex, n (%)			0.391	0.532
Male	24 (72.73)	23 (65.71)
Female	9 (27.27)	12 (34.29)
BMI (mean SD, kg/m2)	23.10 ± 3.18	23.25 ± 3.23	0.195	0.846
History of smoking, n (%)			0.000	0.994
Yes	17 (51.52)	18 (51.43)
No	16 (48.48)	17 (48.57)
Cancer type, n (%)			0.066	0.967
Carcinoma of head of pancreas	15 (45.46)	17 (48.57)
Cholangiocarcinoma	10 (30.30)	10 (28.57)
Other	8 (24.24)	8 (22.86)
Disease course (mean SD, months)	6.30 ± 3.04	6.31 ± 3.17	0.015	0.988

BMI: Body mass index; EUS-BD: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic puncture biliary drainage.

Table 2 Comparison of preoperative and postoperative serum indices between the two subgroups, mean ± SD

Index	Time	EUS-BD (n = 33)	PTBD (n = 35)	t	P value
TP (g/L)	Before surgery	61.85 ± 7.14	59.25 ± 7.12	-1.498	0.139
	7 d after surgery	41.75 ± 5.80a,b	55.13±6.82a	8.687	< 0.001
ALB (g/L)	Before surgery	44.04 ± 6.98	40.97 ± 6.70	-1.846	0.069
	7 d after surgery	31.20 ± 4.45a,b	39.55 ± 6.07a	6.439	< 0.001
ALP (U/L)	Before surgery	529.68 ± 182.52	505.45 ± 176.87	-0.559	0.578
	7 d after surgery	285.39 ± 97.22a,b	360.65 ± 150.02a	2.439	0.017
ALT (U/L)	Before surgery	148.76 ± 52.55	146.58 ± 53.35	-0.169	0.866
	7 d after surgery	51.33 ± 6.61a,b	73.58 ± 7.03a	13.424	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	Before surgery	121.29 ± 37.58	107.62 ± 28.98	-1.685	0.097
	7 d after surgery	42.02 ± 13.95a,b	75.03 ± 16.25a	8.969	< 0.001
GGT (U/L)	Before surgery	612.05 ± 179.24	575.13 ± 174.30	-0.861	0.391
	7 d after surgery	213.67 ± 61.37a,b	299.65 ± 65.12a	5.595	< 0.001
TBIL (mmol/L)	Before surgery	228.02 ± 66.39	205.23 ± 76.28	-1.311	0.194
	7 d after surgery	107.93 ± 52.43a,b	144.79 ± 59.10a	2.714	0.008
DBIL (mmol/L)	Before surgery	204.18 ± 52.86	192.13 ± 49.66	-0.969	0.336
	7 d after surgery	70.19 ± 17.16a,b	84.48 ± 19.41a	3.208	0.002
TBA (mmol/L)	Before surgery	228.62 ± 55.45	208.90 ± 63.35	-1.362	0.178
	7 d after surgery	66.31 ± 18.61a,b	90.55 ± 20.11a	5.152	< 0.001
hs-CRP (mg/L)	Before surgery	13.22 ± 3.29	11.60 ± 3.90	-1.843	0.070
	7 d after surgery	4.58 ± 1.33a,b	7.66 ± 2.36a	6.576	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared to the preoperative subgroup.

^bP < 0.05 compared to the percutaneous transhepatic puncture biliary drainage subgroup.

TP: Total protein; ALB: Albumin; ALP: Serum alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; TBA: Total bile acid; hs-CRP: Hypersensitive C-reactive protein; EUS-BD: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic puncture biliary drainage.

Table 3 Comparison of surgical success rates and clinical response rates between the two subgroups, n (%)

	EUS-BD (n = 33)	PTBD (n = 35)	χ2	P value
Successful operation	31 (93.94)	30 (85.71)	1.244	0.265
Excellent	16 (48.49)	14 (40.00)
Effective	14 (42.42)	15 (42.86)
Ineffective	3 (9.09)	6 (17.14)
Total effective	30 (90.91)	29 (82.86)	0.959	0.327

EUS-BD: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic puncture biliary drainage.

Table 4 Comparison of postoperative complications between the two subgroups, n (%)

Complication	EUS-BD (n = 33)	PTBD (n = 35)	χ2	P value
Biliary fistula	1 (3.03)	2 (5.71)
Cholangitis	0 (0.00)	2 (5.71)
Bile tube bleeding	0 (0.00)	1 (2.86)
Pneumoperitoneum	0 (0.00)	1 (2.86)
Stent blockage	1 (3.03)	3 (8.57)
Stent displacement	0 (0.00)	1 (2.86)
Mucosal laceration	1 (3.03)	0 (0.00)
Total	3 (9.09)	10 (28.57)	4.169	0.041

EUS-BD: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic puncture biliary drainage.