Clinical effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer based on propensity score matching

Table 1 Patients’ baseline data

Data	Control group (n = 43)	Observation group (n = 57)	t/χ2/Z	P value
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	56.44 ± 7.48	52.37 ± 11.71	2.116	0.037
Sex, n (%)			0.220	0.887
Male	24 (55.81)	31 (54.39)
Female	19 (44.19)	26 (45.61)
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD)	22.06 ± 1.50	22.41 ± 1.61	1.102	0.273
Underlying disease, n (%)
Hypertension	11 (25.58)	19 (33.33)	0.701	0.402
Diabetes	14 (35.56)	10 (17.54)	3.029	0.082
CHD	8 (18.60)	12 (21.05)	0.092	0.762
Tumor diameter (cm, mean ± SD)	3.93 ± 0.48	3.70 ± 0.52	2.188	0.031
TNM stage, n (%)			1.142	0.254
I	20 (46.51)	32 (56.14)
II	17 (39.53)	21 (36.84)
III	6 (13.95)	4 (7.02)
Histological type, n (%)			0.256	0.968
Adenocarcinoma	17 (39.53)	25 (43.86)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	12 (27.91)	14 (24.56)
Squamous cell carcinoma	9 (20.93)	11 (19.30)
Other	5 (11.63)	7 (12.28)
Tumor location, n (%)			8.501	0.037
Rectum	20 (46.51)	24 (42.11)
Descending colon	13 (30.23)	7 (12.28)
Ascending colon	6 (13.95)	11 (19.30)
Sigmoid flexure	4 (9.30)	15 (26.32)
ASA grade, n (%)			2.026	0.043
I	18 (41.86)	14 (24.56)
II	16 (37.21)	22 (38.60)
III	6 (13.95)	15 (26.32)
IV	3 (6.98)	6 (10.53)

BMI: Body mass index; CHD: Coronary heart disease; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Baseline data of patients after propensity score matching

Data	Control group (n = 30)	Observation group (n = 30)	t/χ2/Z	P value
Age (year, mean ± SD)	54.97 ± 7.54	54.83 ± 11.52	0.053	0.958
Sex, n (%)			0.067	0.795
Male	17 (56.67)	16 (53.33)
Female	13 (43.33)	14 (46.67)
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD)	22.11 ± 1.54	22.01 ± 1.62	0.237	0.814
Underlying disease, n (%)
Hypertension	7 (23.33)	10 (33.33)	0.739	0.390
Diabetes	10 (33.33)	5 (16.67)	2.222	0.136
CHD	7 (23.33)	4 (13.33)	0.445	0.505
Tumor diameter (cm, mean ± SD)	3.86 ± 0.48	3.81 ± 0.56	0.347	0.730
TNM stage, n (%)			0.701	0.483
I	15 (50.00)	17 (56.67)
II	12 (40.00)	12 (40.00)
III	3 (10.00)	1 (3.33)
Histological type, n (%)			0.842	0839
Adenocarcinoma	11 (36.67)	13 (43.33)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	10 (33.33)	7 (23.33)
Squamous cell carcinoma	6 (20.00)	6 (20.00)
Other	3 (10.00)	4 (13.33)
Tumor location, n (%)			4.149	0.246
Rectum	12 (40.00)	17 (56.67)
Descending colon	9 (30.00)	3 (10.00)
Ascending colon	6 (20.00)	6 (20.00)
Sigmoid flexure	3 (10.00)	4 (13.33)
ASA grade, n (%)			0.008	0.994
I	12 (40.00)	10 (33.33)
II	10 (33.33)	15 (50.00)
III	5 (16.67)	2 (6.67)
IV	3 (10.00)	3 (10.00)

BMI: Body mass index; CHD: Coronary heart disease; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 3 Comparison of perioperative parameters between the two groups

Parameters	Control group (n = 30)	Observation group (n = 30)	t	P value
Surgery time (min, mean ± SD)	157.70 ± 14.14	203.13 ± 20.07	10.138	< 0.001
Intraoperative blood loss (mL, mean ± SD)	172.07 ± 26.94	131.93 ± 21.84	6.338	< 0.001
Number of lymph nodes dissected (piece, mean ± SD)	17.73 ± 2.48	17.17 ± 3.08	0.786	0.435
First ambulation time (h, mean ± SD)	47.60 ± 5.37	38.73 ± 6.76	5.626	< 0.001
Bowel sounds recovery time (h, mean ± SD)	67.80 ± 8.06	65.97 ± 6.61	0.963	0.339
First anal exhaust time (h, mean ± SD)	78.33 ± 16.01	67.73 ± 18.20	2.396	0.020
Gastric tube indwelling time, d, M (P25-P75)	4.00 (4.00, 5.00)	3.50 (3.00, 4.00)	4.621	< 0.001
Rate of complications, n (%)	5 (16.67)	3 (10.00)	0.144	0.704

M: Median

Table 4 Comparison of postoperative inflammatory indexes between the two groups

Group	IL-6 (ng/L)		CRP (mg/L)		TNF-α (ng/L)
	Preoperative	24 h after surgery	Preoperative	24 h after surgery	Preoperative	24 h after surgery
Control group (n = 30)	8.49 ± 1.23	16.68 ± 4.22a	4.96 ± 1.22	21.24 ± 4.32a	24.81 ± 3.36	49.37 ± 7.58a
Observation group (n = 30)	9.06 ± 1.68	13.78 ± 2.34a	5.34 ± 1.41	18.96 ± 3.56a	23.92 ± 4.07	43.62 ± 5.68a
t	1.501	3.294	1.099	2.235	0.920	3.326
P value	0.139	0.002	0.276	0.029	0.361	0.002

^aP < 0.05, compared with the same group before surgery.

Data are shown as mean ± SD. IL-6: Interleukin-6; CRP: C-reactive protein; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α.

Table 5 Comparison of postoperative immune indexes between the two groups

Group	CD4+ (%)		CD8+ (%)		CD4+/CD8+
	Preoperative	24 h after surgery	Preoperative	24 h after surgery	Preoperative	24 h after surgery
Control group (n = 30)	44.80 ± 6.32	32.17 ± 4.78a	27.00 ± 3.46	33.40 ± 3.41a	1.69 ± 0.36	0.97 ± 0.19a
Observation group (n = 30)	44.23 ± 5.74	36.13 ± 4.97a	26.10 ± 4.67	31.53 ± 2.99a	1.76 ± 0.45	1.15 ± 0.18a
t	0.364	3.150	0.848	2.254	0.625	3.736
P value	0.718	0.003	0.400	0.028	0.535	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with the same group before surgery.

Data are shown as mean ± SD. CD4⁺: CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; CD8⁺: CD8-positive T-lymphocytes.