Impact of body mass index in elderly patients treated with laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Preoperative and clinical characteristics of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with a body mass index < 30 or ≥ 30 who underwent laparoscopic liver resection

	LLR before PSM (224)			After PSM (54)
	BMI < 30 (196)	BMI ≥ 30 (28)	P	BMI < 30 (27)	BMI ≥ 30 (27)	P
MALE	135 (69)	26 (93)	0.00	17	25	0.02
Age (yr), median (range)	75.2 (69.5-90.0)	75.3 (69.7-86.6)	0.70	76.3 (70.6-81.2)	73.1 (70-82.3)	0.70
BMI (kg/cm²), median (range)	26.7 (19.0-29.0)	32.5 (30.0-52.0)	0.00	26.7 (25.0-267.0)	33 (30-37)
Co-morbidities > 2, n (%)	77 (80)	9 (32)	0.50	14	9	0.27
Cause of Cirrhosis, n (%)
Hepatitis C virus	102 (52)	12 (43)	0.40	16	11	0.27
Hepatitis B virus	39 (20)	4 (14)	0.60	7	4	0.50
Alcohol	23 (12)	7 (25)	0.07	1	7	0.05
Others	32 (16)	5 (18)	0.80	3	5	0.70
ASA score, n (%)			0.80			1.00
I-II	84 (43)	11 (39)		10	10
III-IV	112 (57)	17 (61)		17	17
Blood tests median (range)
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.9 (0.2-4.2)	0.9 (0.2-2.1)	0.8	0.9 (0.3-1.1)	0.5 (0.2-1.1)	0.70
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.9 (0.2-2.5)	0.9 (0.4-1.9)	1.00	0.9 (0.8-1.5)	0.9 (0.7-2)	0.80
Platelet count, × 109/L	176 (45-421)	187 (72-468)	0.3	144 (47-337)	168 (117-396)	0.80
INR	1.1 (0.6-2.0)	1.08 (0.7-1.67)	0.3	1.1 (1-1.5)	1 (1-1.3)	0.50
CHILD-PUGH, n (%)			0.2			1.00
A	177 (90)	23 (82)		23	22
B	19 (68)	5 (18)		4	5
MELD median (range)	6 (6-16)	6 (6-13)	0.6	8 (6-12.5)	8 (6-13)	0.40
Tumors number n (%)			0.06			1.00
Single nodule	191 (97)	25 (89)		24	24
Multi nodules	5 (3)	3 (11)		3	3
Tumors size (mm), median (range)	30 (9-50)	30 (18-50)	0.6	30 (9-50)	27 (24-35)	0.30
Bilobar tumor, n (%)	1 (0.5)	1 (3)	0.2	1	1	1.00
Tumor in PS segment, n (%)	41 (21)	6 (21)	1.00	5	5	1.00
Histologically proven n (%)	31 (16)	8 (29)	0.11
Previous treatment, n (%)	12 (6)	3 (10)	0.4
Major hepatectomy, n (%)	22 (11)	2 (7)	0.7	1	2	1.00
Operative time > 240 min	73 (37)	12 (43)	0.7	150 (80-210)	150 (65-155)	0.70

Continuous variables were compared using an independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test respectively. LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; PSM: Propensity score matching; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; MELD: Model for End Stage Liver Disease.

Table 2 Preoperative and clinical characteristics of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with a 30 > body mass index ≥ 30 who underwent laparoscopic liver resection

	LLR before PSM (224)			After PSM (54)
	BMI < 30 (196)	BMI ≥ 30 (28)	P	BMI < 30 (27)	BMI ≥ 30 (27)	P
Operative time (min), median (range)	200 (70-600)	220 (65-337)	0.70	200 (80-320)	205 (65-337)	0.7
Blood transfusion, n (%)	32 (16)	1 (3)	0.09	5 (18)	1 (3)	0.2
Dindo-Clavien classification, n (%)			0.23			0.6
I-II	18 (92)	27 (97)		23 (93)	26 (96)
III-IV	16 (8)	1 (3)		2 (7)	1 (4)
Postoperative complications, n (%)			0.02			1.0
Yes	93 (47)	7 (25)		6 (22)	7 (26)
No	103 (53)	21 (75)		21 (78)	20 (74)
Type of complication, n (%)
Liver failure	15 (8)	1 (3)	0.70	2 (7)	1 (4)	1.0
Ascites	24 (12)	2 (7)	0.70	3 (11)	2 (7)	1.0
Biliary leakage	2 (1)	1 (3)	0.30	0	1 (4)	1.0
Hemorrhage	8 (4)	0	0.60	2 (7)	0	0.5
Systemic infection	14 (7)	1 (3)	0.70	2 (7)	1 (4)	1.0
Intra-abdominal abscess	7 (3)	0	0.60	2 (7)	1 (4)	1.0
Wound infection	4 (2)	3 (11)	0.04	0	3 (11)	0.2
Portal thrombosis	2 (1)	0	1.00	1 (4)	0	1.0
Pulmonary	15 (7)	0	0.20	2 (7)	0	0.5
Cardiac	11 (5)	1 (3)	1.00	2 (7)	1 (4)	1.0
Renal	8 (4)	0	0.60	2 (7)	0	0.5
Reoperation, n (%)	6 (6)	1 (3)	1.00	0	1 (4)	1.0
Postoperative death, n (%)	7 (3)	0	0.60	2 (7)	0	0.5
Postoperative treatment, n (%)	6 (3)	1 (3)	1.00	0	1 (4)	1.0
Length of hospital stay, median (range)	6 (2-40)	5.5 (3-21)	0.20	4.5 (2-40)	6 (3-21)	0.1
Mortality at 90 d, n (%)	9 (5)	0	0.60	2 (7)	0	0.5

Continuous variables were compared using an independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test respectively; LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; PSM: Propensity score matching; BMI: Body mass index.