Survival after curative pancreaticoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma in a South American population: A retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Clinical, laboratory and operative patient characteristics (n = 83)

Clinical, laboratory and operative patient characteristics (n = 83)
Age (yr), median (IQR)	59 (49–67)
Sex, male/female, n (%)	36 (43)/47 (57)
Perioperative transfusion, n (%)	21 (25)
Haemoglobin in g/L, median (IQR)	115 (108–127)
Platelet count in 109/L, median (IQR)	285 (243–372)
International Normalized Ratio, median (IQR)	1.06 (1.01–1.15)
Serum glucose in mmol/L, median (IQR)	5.1 (4.8–5.7)
Serum creatinine in mmol/L, median (IQR)	53 (47–65)
Serum albumin in g/L, median (IQR)	38.1 (32–41.1)
Serum total bilirubin in µmol/L, median (IQR)	23.9 (12.9–60)
Serum CA 19-9 in IU/mL, median (IQR)	26.3 (10–91.4)
Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Pylorus-preserving PD, n (%)	69 (83)
Whipple procedure, n (%)	14 (17)

IQR: Interquartile range; PD: Pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Table 2 Histopathologic characteristics (n = 83)

Histopathologic characteristics (n = 83)
Tumour size in mm, median (IQR)	27 (17–40)
Subtype, n (%)
Intestinal	57 (69)
Pancreatobiliary	19 (23)
Others	7 (8)
Tumour status, n (%)
T1	7 (8)
T2	44 (53)
T3	32 (39)
Number of lymph nodes assessed, median (IQR)	17 (12–24)
Lymph node status, n (%)
N0	50 (60)
N1	22 (26)
N2	11 (14)
Differentiation, n (%)
Well differentiated	25 (30)
Moderately differentiated	53 (64)
Poorly differentiated	5 (6)
Lymphovascular invasion	30 (36)
Perineural invasion	26 (31)

IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 3 Recurrence patterns after pancreaticoduodenectomy (n = 19)

Organs involved
Distant metastasis, n (%)	(A) First organ	(B) Second organ	(C) Third organ	A + B + C	%
Liver	8	3	1	12	32
Peritoneum	4	3	1	8	22
Lung	4	2	1	7	19
Supraclavicular lymph node	1			1	3
Bone		1		1	3
Suprarenal gland			1	1	3
Sub-table total				30	81
Lymph nodal recurrence, n (%)
Celiac trunk		1		1	3
Hepatic hilum		1		1	3
Mesenteric lymph nodes	1	1		2	5
Retroperitoneal lymph nodes	2	1		3	8
Sub-table total				7	19
Total				37	100

Table 4 Cox regression model analysis for predictors of overall survival

Variables	Hazard ratio	95%CI		P value
		Lower	Upper
Age in yr				0.355
Tumour size in mm	1.03	1	1.06	0.059
Histopathologic subtype
Intestinal/other types
Pancreatobiliary type	2.7	1.2	6.2	0.025
T classification
T1-T2
T3	6.4	2.5	16.3	< 0.001
Lymph node metastasis
No
Yes	4.5	1.8	11.3	0.001
Differentiation grade				0.54
Well differentiated
Moderately differentiated				0.268
Poorly differentiated				0.755
Perineural invasion				0.517
Lymphovascular invasion				0.26

CI: Confidence interval.