Suture ligation for submucosal hemostasis during hand-sewn side-to-side duodeno-ileostomy in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation

Table 1 Donor and simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation recipient clinical characteristics, n (%)

Characteristics	SL group (n = 44)	NSL group (n = 90)	P value
Donor age, yr	34.00 ± 8.82	32.32 ± 10.65	0.367
Donor gender (male/female, n)	36/8	75/15	0.827
Recipient age, yr	46.52 ± 9.50	47.41 ± 10.79	0.643
Recipient gender (male/female, n)	37/7	75/15	0.911
Duration of diabetes, yr	16.73 ± 6.2	15.88 ± 5.9	0.449
Diabetes type (1/2)	7/37	18/72	0.568
BMI	24.66 ± 3.68	23.60 ± 3.18	0.089
Blood type, n
A+/B+/AB+/O+	10/10/4/20	17/35/10/28	0.169
Duration of dialysis, months, median (IQR)	12.00 (6.25, 36.00)	10.00 (5.00, 20.75)	0.037
Pancreas ischemia time, minutes	446.71 ± 104.11	400.94 ± 89.79	0.010
HLA-A, -B, -DR mismatch
0-3	8 (18.18)	19 (21.11)	0.691
4-6	36 (81.82)	71 (78.89)	0.691
Maintenance Immunosupression
TAC	40 (90.91)	72 (80.00)	0.109
CsA	4 (9.09)	18 (20.00)	0.109
DIC indicators
PT-INR	1.50 ± 0.37	1.55 ± 0.35	0.463
APTT (s)	60.15 ± 35.18	56.35 ± 38.39	0.582
TT (s)	60.07 ± 37.90	66.34 ± 37.03	0.362
PLT (109/L)	106.41 ± 45.35	108.94 ± 50.87	0.780

SPKT: Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation; SL: Suture ligation; NSL: No suture ligation; TAC: Tacrolimus; CsA: Cyclosporine A; PT-INR: Prothrombin time-international normalized rate; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; TT: Thrombin time; PLT: Platelets.

Table 2 Enteric anastomotic bleeding within 1 wk posttransplantation and anastomotic leakage, n (%)

Characteristics	SL group (n = 44)	NSL group (n = 90)	P value
EA bleeding	1 (2.27)	14 (15.56)	0.021
Transfusion rates due to EA bleeding	1 (2.27)	13 (14.44)	0.035
Relaparotomy due to EA bleeding	0 (0.00)	3 (3.33)	0.551
Anastomotic leakage	1 (2.27)	1 (1.11)	0.754

EA: Enteric anastomotic; SL: Suture ligation; NSL: No suture ligation.

Table 3 Cases of relaparotomy due to enteric anastomotic bleeding in no suture ligation group

Case	Age	Sex	Transplant time	Bleeding start time1
1	47	M	October 2016	5
2	29	M	October 2016	7
3	40	M	October 2017	6

¹Days after operation.

The reconstruction of the anastomosis was performed for these patients and no recurrence of bleeding occurred. M: Male.