High expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in colorectal cancer oncogenic functions and its potential as a therapeutic target

Figure 1 Overview of study design. SCD: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase; CRC: Colorectal cancer; NC: Nitidine chloride; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; GTEx: Genotype-Tissue Expression; SRA: Sequence Read Archive; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Figure 2 Schematic representation of the screening procedure for the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase mRNA dataset. CRC: Colorectal cancer; SCD: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; GTEx: Genotype-Tissue Expression; SRA: Sequence Read Archive; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; SMD: Standardized mean difference.

Figure 3 Evaluation of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression in colorectal cancer. A: Forest plot depicting elevated stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression in colorectal cancer vs normal colorectal tissue; B and C: Outcomes of Egger’s and Begg’s tests indicating absence of publication bias. GTEx: Genotype-Tissue Expression; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; SMD: Standardized mean difference; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 4 Violin plots illustrating differences in stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression between colorectal cancer samples (red) and non-colorectal cancer samples (blue) across chosen datasets. Statistical significance confirmed at P < 0.05 (continued). TPR: True positive rate; FPR: False positive rate.

Figure 5 Comprehensive assessment of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression correlation with colorectal cancer outcomes. A: Summary receiver operating characteristic curve; B: Sensitivity and specificity; C: Positive diagnostic likelihood ratio and negative diagnostic likelihood ratio. GTEx: Genotype-Tissue Expression; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas; CI: Confidence interval; SROC: Summary receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: Area under the curve.

Figure 6 Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase protein expression in adjacent non-tumor tissue of colorectal cancer and colorectal cancer tissue. A: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase protein expression in adjacent non-tumor tissue of colorectal cancer; B: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase protein expression in colorectal cancer tissue. Left side of the image: Tissue image at 500 μm, middle side: Tissue image at 200 μm, right side: Tissue image at 50 μm.

Figure 7 Elevated expression of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase protein in colorectal cancer tissue. A: Violinplot; B: Receiver operating characteristic curve. TPR: True positive rate; FPR: False positive rate; CI: Confidence interval; AUC: Area under the curve. ^aP < 0.001.

Figure 8 Analysis of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression in single cells. A: Distribution within colorectal cancer samples; B: Distribution in normal colorectal samples; C: Comparative analysis of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase expression between colorectal cancer and normal colorectal cells. SCD: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase.

Figure 9 Impact of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase gene on 33 colorectal cancer cell lines. The horizontal axis depicts the effect score of the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase gene for each cell line, while the vertical axis lists the various colorectal cancer cell lines. SCD: Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase.

Figure 10  Investigating molecular mechanisms of nitidine chloride against colorectal cancer. A: Identification of shared genes via colorectal cancer overexpressed genes and nitidine chloride target prediction overlap; B: Functional enrichment analysis of shared genes using Gene Ontology; C: Pathway analysis of shared genes using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. CRC: Colorectal cancer; OEG: Overexpressed gene; NC: Nitidine chloride; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.

Figure 11  The molecular docking of nitidine chloride and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (affinity energy: -8. 8 kcal/mol).