Clinical characteristics and risk factors of post-operative intestinal flora disorder following laparoscopic colonic surgery: A propensity-score-matching analysis

Figure 1 The flowchart of this study. P-V-D: Probiotics-Vancomycin-Decompression; PSM: Propensity score matching; IFD: Intestinal flora disorder.

Figure 2 The typical images of patients with intestinal flora disorder. A-C: Depict typical abdominal X-ray findings of intestinal flora disorder patients, with extremely enlarged intestine; D-F: Represent classic computed tomography images, extensive intestinal gas and fluid accumulation are evident within the small bowel, accompanied by the presence of an air-fluid level; G-I: Represent the typical colour of the tube drainage, that are dark brown, cerulean blue and grass green.

Figure 3 The overall drainage volume of patients receiving decompression. A: Gastric tube; B: The intestinal obstruction tube.

Figure 4 The multivariate analysis of factor affecting the incidence of intestinal flora disorder. CEP: Cephalosporin; EN: Enteral nutrition; PN: Parenteral nutrition; GNS: Glucose and sodium chloride injection.