Endoscopic treatment of extreme esophageal stenosis complicated with esophagotracheal fistula: A case report

Figure 1 Treatment timeline. ATT: Antituberculosis therapy; CT: Computed tomography; CES: Corrosive esophageal stenosis; EBD: Endoscopic balloon dilation; EIM: Endoscopic incision method; ESP: Esophageal stent placement; ETF: Esophagotracheal fistula; UGI: Upper gastrointestinal imaging.

Figure 2 Upper gastrointestinal imaging showed corrosive esophageal stenosis and pharyngeal fistula. A: Upper gastrointestinal imaging (UGI) indicated that the patient had a pharyngeal fistula (yellow arrow); B: UGI indicated that the patient had total esophageal stenosis.

Figure 3 Upper gastrointestinal imaging at admission. A: Upper gastrointestinal imaging (UGI) indicated that the patient had an esophagotracheal fistula (yellow arrow); B: UGI indicated that the patient had total esophageal stenosis.

Figure 4 The endoscopic incision method and esophageal stent placement performed at admission. A: The esophageal stenosis part which made the endoscope unable to enter; B: There were fistulas in the patient's esophagus; C: The esophageal lumen increased significantly after treatment by the endoscopic incision method; D: The upper end of the stent after placement.

Figure 5 After esophageal stent placement, the stent was in place and esophageal dilation was good.

Figure 6 The stent was removed finally. A: The stent was in place; B: The stent was being removed; C: After the stent was removed, the esophageal cavity expanded significantly; D: The removed stent.

Figure 7 The fistula was blocked, but the esophagus was partially narrow. A: There was no esophagotracheal fistula; B: The esophagus was partially narrow.