Diagnosis of hepatic glycogenosis in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus

Table 1 Summary of hepatic glycogenosis in type 1 diabetes patients

Ref.	Sex	Age (yr)	BMI	AST (U/L)	ALT (U/L)	HbA1c (%)	Insulin (U/kg)	Glucose (mg/dL)	US exam	CT scan	Biopsy
[51]	M	16	20	66	58	11.1	0.98	198	X		X
[52]	F	17		138	164	12			X		X
[54]	M	19		262	519	12.7a				X	X
[55]	F	19	27	98	49	7.9			X	X	X
	M	37		769	844	16			X	X	X
[56]	F	19	23		800	12.2a			X		X
[57]	F	3		300	350	9.5a	1.5	522	X		No
	M	16		100	200		1.3	810	X		No
[33]	M	14		290	127	13.4	1.6		X	X	X
	F	17		102	147	13.3a	1.8				X
	F	16		567	316	12.2a			X		No
[1]	F	17	21.4	1620	629	13	0.9		X		X
[58]	M	16	21.1	578	526	11.0a					X
[59]	F	22	18.6	1028	365	13.8			X		X
	F	26	23.6	914	307	12.9			X		X
	F	20	21	1310	346	13.6			X		X
[53]	F	29		4000	1900	15.3a			X		X
[60]	M	13			1000	13	1.2		X	X	X
[36]	F	20		249	383	13.3a				X	X
[61]	F	13			113	8.8a		890	X		X
[35]	F	19		83	97	a		520			X
	M	12		47	49	13.5a		635			X
	F	22		77	48			183			X
	M	8		H	H						X
	F	15		N	N						X
	M	22		360	1100	16.0a		404			X
	M	25		1128	1629	10.8					X
	M	16		H	H	a					X
	M	20		120	N	9.9		288			X
	F	18		57	N	10.8		137			X
	M	28		1544	1099			H			X
	M	34				10		259			X
	M	16		1354	1413			365			X
	F	23		224	255						X
[41]	F	19			199	14.6a				b	X

^aRecent ketoacidosis;

^bMagnetic resonance imaging. H: High level; N: Normal levels; M: Male; F: Female; BMI: Body mass index; AST: Aspartate-aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine-aminotransferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; US: Ultrasound; CT: Computed tomography.