Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway

doi:10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Diabetes. May 15, 2025; 16(5): 99473
Published online May 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473

Table 1 Oligonucleotide sequences of the quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers

Genes	Forward primers (5’-3’)	Reverse primers (3’-5’)
VEGF	TTGCCTTGCTGCTCTACCTCCA	GATGGCAGTAGCTGCGCTGATA
IL-6	AGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAG	TTCTGCCAGTGCCTCTTTGCTG
CD18	AGTCACCTACGACTCCTTCTGC	CAAACGACTGCTCCTGGATGCA
ICAM-1	AGCGGCTGACGTGTGCAGTAAT	TCTGAGACCTCTGGCTTCGTCA
TNF-α	CTCTTCTGCCTGCTGCACTTTG	ATGGGCTACAGGCTTGTCACTC
STAT3	GGGGTTCTGGGAAGTCTG	ATGGCTGGGTGAGGTTG
β-actin	AGCCATGTACGTAGCCATCC	ACCCTCATAGATGGGCACAG

CD18: Cluster of differentiation 18; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6: Interleukin 6; STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor alpha; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.

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Citation: Lin YT, Tan J, Tao YL, Hu WW, Wang YC, Huang J, Zhou Q, Xiao A. Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(5): 99473
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v16/i5/99473.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473