Continuum of glucose and bone metabolism impairment across autonomous cortisol secretion: A cross-sectional study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics and hormonal profiles in groups of Cushing syndrome, mild autonomous cortisol secretion, and nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma

Parameters	Cushing syndrome	MACS	NAFI	Normal range
Number of cases	19	11	34	-
Sex (male:female)	10:9	6:5	17:17	-
Age (years old)	54.48 ± 11.86	56.72 ± 8.29	53.26 ± 11.39	-
BMI (kg/m2)	25.63 ± 3.05	27.93 ± 2.51	27.07 ± 5.65	-
ACTH (pmol/L)	0.61 ± 0.37	5.09 ± 1.42	6.20 ± 2.09	1.6-13.9
Cortisol at 8 am (nmol/L)	582.14 ± 206.59	347.83 ± 96.07	335.40 ± 119.13	171-536
Cortisol at 4 pm (nmol/L)	575.61 ± 223.27	212.33 ± 59.95	210.54 ± 96.75	64-327
Cortisol at 0 am (nmol/L)	550.95 ± 207.78	135.95 ± 42.71	121.81 ± 49.57	-
24h UFC (nmol/24 h)	942.47 ± 210.76	282.12 ± 95.27	186.54 ± 56.69	100-279
ACTH after 1 mg overnight DST (pmol/L)	0.52 (0.22, 0.74)	1.09 (0.44, 1.20)	1.12 (0.79, 1.29)
Cortisol after 1 mg overnight DST (nmol/L)	595.47 ± 209.973	84.21 ± 26.46	25.94 ± 8.41	-
ACTH after 8 mg overnight DST (pmol/L)	0.4 (0.22, 0.66)	-	-
Cortisol after 8 mg overnight DST (nmol/L)	598.29 ± 207.99	-	-	-

24h UFC: 24-hour urine free cortisol; ACTH: Adrenocorticotropin; BMI: Body mass index; DST: Dexamethasone suppression test; MACS: Mild autonomous cortisol secretion; NFAI: Nonfunctional adrenal incidentaloma.