Predictive value of bilirubin and serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute coronary syndrome

doi:10.4239/wjd.v15.i1.34

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Jan 15, 2024 (publication date) through Feb 21, 2025

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World Journal of Diabetes

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1948-9358

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

World J Diabetes. Jan 15, 2024; 15(1): 34-42
Published online Jan 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i1.34

Table 1 Comparison of clinical data among groups

	T2DM + ACS (n = 96)	T2DM (n = 85)	ACS (n = 90)	F value	P value
Sex (male/female)	58/38	55/30	67/23	4.262	0.1187
Average age (yr)	53.6 ± 6.3	54.9 ± 4.7	53.0 ± 5.7	2.584	0.0773
BMI (kg/m²)	22.6 ± 2.2	22.0 ± 1.7	22.2 ± 2.4	1.882	0.1542
Smoking history	37	30	37	0.6272	0.7308
Drinking history	29	26	34	1.4922	0.4743
Family history of coronary heart disease	18	13	15	0.3911	0.8224
Hypertension	32	20	38	6.8872	0.0319

T2DM: Type-2 diabetes mellitus; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of laboratory indexes among group

	T2DM + ACS (n = 96)	T2DM (n = 85)	ACS (n = 90)	F value	P value
TBIL (μmol/L)	6.76 ± 0.70	10.72 ± 1.21¹	9.53 ± 1.03¹^,²	384.2	< 0.0001
γ-GGT (U/L)	36.81 ± 2.98	32.22 ± 3.22¹	30.09 ± 3.29¹	110.2	< 0.0001
TC (mmol/L)	5.33 ± 0.43	4.24 ± 0.36¹	4.33 ± 0.40¹	213.1	< 0.0001
TG (mmol/L)	0.96 ± 0.33	1.02 ± 0.22	1.05 ± 0.20¹	2.923	0.0555
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.41 ± 0.26	1.87 ± 0.24¹	2.28 ± 0.25¹^,²	112.0	< 0.0001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.16 ± 0.07	1.19 ± 0.12¹	1.21 ± 0.11¹	5.750	0.0036
HbA1c (%)	8.19 ± 0.64	7.61 ± 0.60¹	5.33 ± 0.69¹^,²	501.8	< 0.0001
LEVF (%)	44.92 ± 3.80	57.27 ± 6.39¹	52.19 ± 4.64¹	139.8	< 0.0001

¹P < 0.05 vs. T2DM + ACS.

²P < 0.05 vs. T2DM.

TBIL: Total bilirubin; γ-GGT: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; T2DM: Type-2 diabetes mellitus; ACS: Acute coronary syndrome.

Table 3 Correlation between serum total bilirubin level and laboratory indexes

	γ-GGT	TC	TG	LDL-C	HDL-C	HbA1c	LEVF
r value	-0.3275	-0.2906	-0.0822	-0.3086	-0.03255	-0.3140	0.0765
P value	0.0011	0.0041	0.4260	0.0022	0.7529	0.0018	0.4587

γ-GGT: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.

Table 4 Correlation between serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase level and laboratory indexes

	TBIL	TC	TG	LDL-C	HDL-C	HbA1c	LEVF
r value	-0.3275	0.1074	0.2281	0.2030	-0.0074	0.0225	-0.1250
P value	0.0011	0.2975	0.0254	0.0473	0.9430	0.8276	0.2248

TBIL: Total bilirubin; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.

Table 5 Univariate analysis of major adverse cardiovascular events

	Event group (n = 15)	Non-event group (n = 81)	χ²/t value	P value
Sex (male/female)	10/5	48/33	0.2904	0.5900
Average age (yr)	58.33 ± 7.68	52.68 ± 5.63	3.3612	0.0011
BMI (kg/m²)	21.9 ± 2.6	22.7 ± 2.1	1.3045	0.1953
TBIL (μmol/L)	6.27 ± 0.87	6.85 ± 0.63	3.0742	0.0028
γ-GGT (U/L)	38.65 ± 2.91	36.47 ± 2.88	2.6887	0.0085
TC (mmol/L)	5.51 ± 0.26	5.30 ± 0.45	1.7492	0.0835
TG (mmol/L)	1.08 ± 0.25	0.94 ± 0.34	1.5177	0.1324
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.53 ± 0.29	2.38 ± 0.25	2.0816	0.0401
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.15 ± 0.08	1.16 ± 0.07	0.4970	0.6203
HbA1c (%)	8.59 ± 0.73	8.11 ± 0.59	2.7862	0.0065
LEVF (%)	42.13 ± 2.83	45.39 ± 3.74	3.2047	0.0018

BMI: Body mass index; TBIL: Total bilirubin; γ-GGT: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.

Table 6 Logistic analysis of major adverse cardiovascular events

	Regression coefficient	Standard error	Wald	P value	HR	95%CI
Constant	-8.390	14.396	0.340	0.560	-	-
Age	0.251	0.086	8.578	0.003	1.285	1.086-1.519
TBIL	-1.706	0.764	4.992	0.025	0.182	0.041-0.811
γ-GGT	0.422	0.195	4.656	0.031	1.525	1.039-2.236
LDL-C	-1.156	1.785	0.042	0.517	0.315	0.010-10.397
HbA1c	1.082	0.742	2.123	0.145	2.950	0.688-12.644
LEVF (%)	-0.415	0.157	7.027	0.008	0.660	0.486-0.897

TBIL: Total bilirubin; γ-GGT: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: Glycosylated hemoglobin; LEVF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; HR: Hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

Citation: Chen J, Zhang WC, Tang XQ, Yin RH, Wang T, Wei XY, Pan CJ. Predictive value of bilirubin and serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute coronary syndrome. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(1): 34-42
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v15/i1/34.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i1.34