Efficacy and safety of Bailing capsules combined with sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors in diabetic kidney disease treatment

Figure 1 Flow chart of study screening. CNKI: Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure; RCTs: Randomized controlled trials.

Figure 2 Assessment of the risk of bias. A: Risk of bias graph of the included studies; B: Risk of bias summary of the included studies.

Figure 3 Forest plot of the clinical effective rate and incidence of adverse reactions. A: Clinical effective rate; B: Incidence of adverse reactions. RR: Relative risk.

Figure 4 Meta-analysis of the glycemic effects of Bailing capsules combined with SGLT2is or SGLT2is alone. A: Sensitivity analysis of fasting blood glucose levels; B: Forest plot of fasting blood glucose levels; C: Subgroup analysis of fasting blood glucose levels across different Bailing capsule dosages; D: Sensitivity analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels; E: Forest plot of HbA1c levels. WMD: Weighted mean difference.

Figure 5 Meta-analysis of the effects of Bailing capsules combined with SGLT2is or SGLT2is alone on renal function. A: Sensitivity analysis of serum creatinine (SCr) levels; B: Forest plot of SCr levels; C: Subgroup analysis of SCr levels across different BC dosages; D: Sensitivity analysis of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels; E: Forest plot of BUN levels; F: Subgroup analysis of BUN levels across different BC dosages; G: Sensitivity analysis of beta-2 microglobulin (β2-MG) levels; H: Forest plot of β2-MG levels. WMD: Weighted mean difference; SMD: Standardized mean difference.

Figure 6 Meta-analysis of the effects of Bailing capsules combined with SGLT2is or SGLT2is alone on 24-hour urine protein. A: Sensitivity analysis of 24-hour urine protein (24h-UP); B: Forest plot of 24h-UP; C: Subgroup analysis of 24h-UP across different Bailing capsule dosages. SMD: Standardized mean difference.

Figure 7 Funnel plot for the assessment of publication bias risk. SMD: Standardized mean difference.

Figure 8 Trial sequential analysis result chart. TSA: Trial sequential analysis.