Visit-to-visit variability of creatinine levels associated with proteinuria progression in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Figure 1 Factors associated with proteinuria progression based on multivariable logistic regression by different variation of the 12 metabolic indexes identified by percentiles (percentiles 75 and percentiles 67) of their standard deviation among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A: Full model based on logistic regression; B: Model adjusted with demographic and clinical feature based on logistic regression; C: Model adjusted with demographic, clinical feature and metabolic index based on logistic regression. OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence intervals; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; Cr: Creatinine; UA: Uric acid; GA: Glycated albumin; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; Y: Yes; N: No; P: Percentiles.

Figure 2 Factors associated with proteinuria progression among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on variations of metabolic indexes identified by different percentiles (percentiles 75 and percentiles 67) and adjusted for potential confounding factors including the mean values of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, uric acid and glycated hemoglobin. A: Variations of metabolic indexes identified by percentiles 75; B: Variations of metabolic indexes identified by percentiles 67. OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence intervals; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; Cr: Creatinine; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; Y: Yes; N: No; P: Percentiles.

Figure 3 Subgroup analysis among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with proteinuria progression identified by urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (changed from 30 to 30-299) or (changed from 30-299 to > 300) based on multivariable logistic regression by different variation of metabolic indexes, which was calculated by the percentiles (percentiles 75 and percentiles 67) of their standard deviation among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with proteinuria progression based on albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (from < 30 to 30-299) by 75 percentiles of SD; B: T2DM patients with proteinuria progression based on ACR (from < 30 to 30-299) by 67 percentile of SD; C: T2DM patients with proteinuria progression based on ACR (from 30-299 to > 300) by 75 percentile of SD; D: T2DM patients with proteinuria progression based on ACR (from 30-299 to > 300) by 67 percentile of SD. OR: Odds ratios; CI: Confidence intervals; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; Cr: Creatinine; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; Y: Yes; N: No; P: Percentiles.