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World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2025; 16(7): 107344
Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107344
Figure 1
Figure 1 Mechanisms of stem cell therapy for diabetes mellitus. This figure outlines the mechanisms by which stem cell therapy addresses diabetes. It includes the differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing β-cells, paracrine effects that promote β-cell regeneration, and immunomodulation that reduces autoimmune damage and inflammation. Collectively, these processes enhance glucose regulation and facilitate pancreatic repair. ESC: Embryonic stem cells; iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cells; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus.