Efficacy of multiple biliary stenting for refractory benign biliary strictures due to chronic calcifying pancreatitis

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics, imaging findings, and interventions before treatment (n = 10)

Variable	Value
Patient characteristics
Sex, n (%)
Male	10 (100.0)
Female	0 (0.0)
Age, mean ± SD, yr	56.9 ± 6.9
BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2	19.2 ± 2.6
Etiology, n (%)
Alcohol	9 (90.0)
Other	1 (10.0)
Alcohol abuse, n (%)
Presence	8 (80.0)
Absence	2 (20.0)
Duration of CP, mean ± SD, mo	106.4 ± 72.4
Treatment period, mean ± SD, d	350.6 ± 61.0
Follow up period, mean ± SD, mo (complete group)	20.6 ± 7.3
Imaging findings
CBD diameter, mean ± SD, mm	12.5 ± 2.7
Length of stricture, mean ± SD, mm	23.9 ± 5.7
No. of pancreatic stones, n (%)
Single	5 (50.0)
Multiple	5 (50.0)
Pancreatic stone location, n (%)
Head	10 (100.0)
Body + Tail	0 (0.0)
Pancreatic stone diameter, mean ± SD, mm	10.2 ± 5.5
Interventions
No. of ERCP sessions, mean ± SD	4.5 ± 1.0
No. of stents, mean ± SD	4.1 ± 1.2
Dilation of CBD stricture, n (%)
Presence	0 (0.0)
Absence	10 (100.0)

BMI: Body mass index; CBD: Common bile duct; CP: Chronic pancreatitis; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors predicting complete stricture improvement

Variable	Complete (n = 6)	Incomplete (n = 4)	P value
Patient characteristics
Sex, n (%)
Male	6 (100.0)	4 (100.0)
Female	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Age, mean ± SD, yr	58.8 ± 8.2	54.0 ± 3.4	0.61
BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2	18.0 ± 1.7	20.6 ± 3.1	0.114
Etiology, n (%)			0.6
Alcohol	5 (83.3)	4 (100.0)
Other	1 (16.7)	0 (0.0)
Alcohol abuse, n (%)			0.667
Presence	1 (16.7)	1 (25.0)
Absence	5 (83.3)	3 (75.0)
Duration of CP, mean ± SD, mo	83.7 ± 79.4	140.5 ± 51.4	0.257
Treatment period, mean ± SD, d	384.5 ± 16.4	299.8 ± 70.6	0.171
Imaging findings
CBD diameter before therapy, mean ± SD, mm	12.4 ± 2.3	12.8 ± 3.7	0.762
Length of stricture, mean ± SD, mm	20.5 ± 3.0	29.0 ± 5.1	0.011
No. of pancreatic stones, n (%)			0.738
Single	3 (50.0)	2 (50.0)
Multiple	3 (50.0)	2 (50.0)
Pancreatic stone location, n (%)
Head	6 (100.0)	4 (100.0)
Body + Tail	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Pancreatic stone diameter, mean ± SD, mm	7.4 ± 3.7	14.2 ± 6.2	0.067
Interventions
No. of ERCP sessions, mean ± SD	4.5 ± 0.8	4.5 ± 1.3	> 0.999
No. of biliary stents, mean ± SD	4.0 ± 0.9	4.3 ± 1.7	0.767

BMI: Body mass index; CBD: Common bile duct; CP: Chronic pancreatitis; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Table 3 Outcomes of multiple biliary stenting in association with stricture length

Patient No.	Length of stricture (mm)	Outcomes of stricture dilation
1	23.2	Complete
2	20.7	Complete
3	19.3	Complete
4	36	Incomplete
5	20.4	Complete
6	24.9	Incomplete
7	29.4	Incomplete
8	25.5	Incomplete
9	24	Complete
10	15.5	Complete