Gastric polyps: Association with Helicobacter pylori status and the pathology of the surrounding mucosa, a cross sectional study

Table 1 Patient level summary of polyp histology

Polyp’s type	Total patients (n = 296)	Percentage
Hyperplastic polyp	87	29.39
Fundic gland polyp	82	27.7
Chronic gastritis	41	13.85
Mixed	13	4.39
Intestinal metaplasia	12	4.05
Foveolar hyperplasia	10	3.38
Adenoma	5	1.69
Carcinoid tumor	4	1.35
Granulation tissue polyp	4	1.35
Adenocarcinoma	2	0.68
Gastric xanthelasma	2	0.68
Hamartomatous polyp	2	0.68
Lymphoid follicles	2	0.68
Submucosal Brunner glands	2	0.68
Lipoma	1	0.34
Normal	27	9.12

Table 2 Distribution of patient and clinical characteristics according to different polyp types n (%)

Cofactor	Adenoman = 5	Fundicn = 82	Hyperplasticn = 87	Mixedn = 13	Othern = 109	P value
Age (yr), mean ± SD	75.4 (3.3)	54.7 (13.0)	58.4 (10.8)	62.2 (14.0)	57.7 (11.9)	0.0013
Gender						0.2086
Female	5 (100.0)	67 (81.71)	64 (73.56)	9 (69.23)	75 (68.81)
Male	0 (0.00)	15 (18.29)	23 (26.44)	4 (30.77)	34 (31.19)
Ethnicity						0.7427
Hispanic	5 (100.0)	66 (80.49)	77 (88.51)	11 (84.62)	93 (85.32)
Non-Hispanic White	0 (0.00)	5 (6.10)	4 (4.60)	0 (0.00)	8 (7.34)
Other	0 (0.00)	11 (13.41)	6 (6.90)	2 (15.38)	8 (7.34)
Pathology of surrounding gastric						< 0.00011
Chronic gastritis	0 (0.00)	51 (62.20)	52 (59.77)	9 (69.23)	78 (41.05)
Intestinal metaplasia	3 (60.00)	1 (1.22)	6 (6.90)	1 (7.69)	14 (56.00)
Other	0 (0.00)	22 (26.83)	15 (17.24)	2 (15.38)	5 (16.67)
Not biopsied	2 (40.00)	8 (9.76)	14 (16.09)	1 (7.69)	12 (23.53)
Helicobacter pylori status						0.00061
Negative	4 (80.00)	70 (85.37)	52 (59.77)	11 (84.62)	74 (35.07)
Positive	0 (0.00)	8 (9.76)	27 (31.03)	2 (15.38)	34 (47.89)
Not tested	1 (20.00)	4 (4.88)	8 (9.20)	0 (0.00)	1 (7.14)
Portal hypertensive gastropathy						0.1821
No	5 (100.0)	80 (97.56)	77 (88.51)	12 (92.31)	102 (93.58)
Yes	0 (0.00)	2 (2.44)	10 (11.49)	1 (7.69)	7 (6.42)

¹P value was obtained using χ² test.

Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted associations of cofactors with Helicobacter pylori positive status (n = 262)

Cofactor	Unadjusted OR(95%CI), P value	Adjusted OR(95%CI), P value
Age (yr)	1.011 (0.988-1.034), 0.3686
Polyp type
Fundic (referent)	1	1
Hyperplastic	4.621 (1.918-11.133), 0.0006	4.621 (1.861-11.479), 0.0010
Other	3.469 (1.509-7.976), 0.0034	2.952 (1.250-6.972), 0.0136
Gender
Female (referent)	1
Male	0.891 (0.460-1.726), 0.7321
Ethnicity
Hispanic (referent)	1
Non-hispanic White	0.205 (0.026-1.605), 0.1311
Other	0.409 (0.117-1.435), 0.1629
Pathology of surrounding gastric
Chronic gastritis (referent)	1	1
Intestinal metaplasia	0.996 (0.407-2.437), 0.9931	0.827 (0.331-2.065), 0.6848
Other	0.088 (0.021-0.375), 0.0010	0.090 (0.021-0.390), 0.0013
Portal hypertension
No (referent)	1
Yes	0.569 (0.159-2.044), 0.3877

Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted associations of cofactors with hyperplastic polyps as compared with fundic polyps (n = 143)

Cofactor	Unadjusted OR(95%CI), P value	Adjusted OR(95%CI), P value
Age (yr)	1.031 (1.001-1.062), 0.0419
H. pylori status
Negative (referent)	1	1
Positive	4.622 (1.918-11.137), 0.0006	5.285 (2.166-12.892), 0.0003
Gender
Female (referent)	1
Male	1.804 (0.756-4.303), 0.1837
Ethnicity
Hispanic (referent)	1
Non-Hispanic White	0.469 (0.083-2.655), 0.3922
Other	0. 536 (0.150-1.923), 0.3390
Pathology of surrounding gastric
Chronic gastritis (referent)	1
Intestinal metaplasia	5.997 (0.697-51.614), 0.1029
Other	0.714 (0.331-1.542), 0.3917
Portal hypertension
No (referent)	1	1
Yes	5.080 (1.057-24.414), 0.0424	6.903, 0.0174