Pseudoachalasia: A peculiar case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Clinical features in 11 patients with pseudoachalasia

Age (yr)	Sex	Duration of dysphagia (mo)	Etiology	Treatment
83	M	5	Esophageal adenocarcinoma	Radiotherapy
82	F	3	Cardia adenocarcinoma	Esophageal metal stent
79	M	7	Gastric carcinoma	Supportive therapy
77	F	2	Gastric carcinoma	Radiotherapy
75	M	8	Cardia adenocarcinoma	Chemotherapy
74	M	9	Gastric carcinoma	Surgery
71	M	4	Mediastinal tumor	Radiotherapy
69	F	5	Cardia carcinoma	Chemotherapy
69	M	3	Pancreatic tumor	Chemotherapy
68	M	6	Lung adenocarcinoma	Surgery
52	F	12	Stricture post-fundoplication	Surgery

M: Male; F: Female.

Table 2 Causes of pseudoachalasia reported in the literature

Cause	n (%)
Cardia-esophageal adenocarcinoma	156 (50)
Secondary malignancy	59 (19)
Benign lesions	45 (14)
Postoperative complications	35 (11)
Diseases of central nervous system	11 (3.5)
Paraneoplastic syndromes	7 (2.5)