Aluminum phosphate gel reduces early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with gastric variceal bleeding treated with histoacryl injection therapy

Table 1 Baseline data of both groups

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 101)	PPI + APG group (n = 95)	P value
Age (yr)	51.55 ± 12.23	53.57 ± 11.90	0.245
Female/Male	26/75	31/64	0.289
MELD score	10.07 ± 3.32	9.61 ± 3.24	0.329
Prothrombin activity (%)	68.53 ± 15.48	65.63 ± 12.90	0.157
Fibrinogen (g/dL)	2.30 ± 0.76	2.09 ± 0.80	0.064
Platelet (109/L)	102.21 ± 83.68	111.16 ± 100.57	0.498
Albumin (g/dL)	3.52 ± 0.47	3.48 ± 0.58	0.622
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	9.73 ± 2.15	9.55 ± 1.88	0.524
Patients treated with beta blockers	89	86	0.586

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminium phosphate gel; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease.

Table 2 Comparison of varicose veins and dose of histoacryl between two groups, n (%)

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 101)	PPI + APG group (n = 95)	P value
GOV1	10 (9.90)	12 (12.63)	0.545
GOV2	50 (49.50)	41 (43.16)	0.373
GOV3	34 (33.66)	38 (40.00)	0.358
IGV1	7 (6.93)	4 (4.21)	0.408
Combine with EV need treatment	68 (67.33)	69 (72.63)	0.418
Amount of histoacryl (mL)	2.22 ± 0.80	2.21 ± 0.76	0.875

EV: Esophageal varices; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminium phosphate gel; GOV: Gastro varices; GV: Gastric varices.

Table 3 Main outcomes of both groups, n (%)

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 101)	PPI + APG group (n = 95)	P value
Early rebleeding	13 (12.87)	3 (3.16)	0.013
Source of rebleeding
Glue extrusion ulcer	12 (11.88)	2 (2.11)	0.008
Gastric varice	1 (0.99)	1 (1.05)	> 0.999
Transfusion after rebleeding
Glue extrusion ulcer	9 (8.91)	1 (1.05)	0.030
Gastric varices	1 (0.99)	1 (1.05)	> 0.999
Re-hospitalization	10 (9.90)	2 (2.11)	0.023
6-wk mortality	0	0	> 0.999

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminium phosphate gel.

Table 4 Other adverse events in the two groups, n (%)

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 101)	PPI + APG group (n = 95)	P value
Total complications	14 (13.86)	12 (12.63)	0.800
Abdominal pain	12 (11.88)	3 (3.16)	0.022
Constipation	2 (1.98)	9 (9.47)	0.023
Spontaneous peritonitis	0	0	> 0.999
Ectopic embolism	0	0	> 0.999
Hepatic encephalopathy	0	0	> 0.999

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminium phosphate gel.