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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jan 16, 2023; 15(1): 1-9
Published online Jan 16, 2023. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v15.i1.1
Table 1 Tumor Nodes Metastasis (TNM) staging 8th Edition

TNM staging
T
TXPrimary tumour cannot be assessed
T0No evidence of primary tumour
TisCarcinoma in situ
T1aTumour invades lamina propria or muscularis mucosae
T1bTumour invades submucosa
T2Tumour invades muscularis propria
T3Tumour penetrates subserosal tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures
T4aTumour penetrates serosa (visceral peritoneum)
T4bTumour directly invades adjacent organs or structures
N
NXRegional lymph nodes(s) cannot be assessed
N0No regional lymph node metastases