Endoscopic sphincterotomy in acute biliary pancreatitis: A question of anesthesiological risk

Table 1 Local and systemic complications in the 30 patients with severe acute pancreatitis

Complication	n (%)
Sterile necrosis	9 (63.3)
Infected necrosis	4 (13.3)
Respiratory insufficiency	17 (56.7)
Metabolic alterations	16 (53.3)
Multiorgan failure	3 (10.0)
Renal insufficiency	2 (6.7)
Heart failure	1 (3.3)

More than one complication might occur in the same patient.

Table 2 Major chronic diseases in patients with ASA grade 3 and 4 (44 cases)

Disease	n (%)
Chronic myocardial ischemia	34 (77.3)
Arterial hypertension	18 (40.9)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	9 (20.5)
Diabetes mellitus	7 (15.9)
Chronic atrial fibrillation	7 (15.9)
Chronic active hepatitis	2 (4.5)
Chronic renal insufficiency	2 (4.5)
Congestive cardiomyopathy	1 (2.3)
Severe mitral prolapse syndrome	1 (2.3)
Abdominal aortic aneurysm	1 (2.3)
Chronic obliterative arteriopathy	1 (2.3)
Hepatic cirrhosis	1 (2.3)
Active duodenal ulcer	1 (2.3)
Epilepsy	1 (2.3)
Chronic leukemia	1 (2.3)
Systemic lupus erythematosus	1 (2.3)