This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Advances in research on relationship between galectin-3 and liver diseases
Xiao-Yan Duan, Jian-Gao Fan
Xiao-Yan Duan, Center for Fatty Liver Disease, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
Jian-Gao Fan, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
Correspondence to: Professor Jian-Gao Fan, Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China. fanjiangao@gmail.com
Received: May 11, 2009 Revised: June 29, 2009 Accepted: July 6, 2009 Published online: July 8, 2009
Galectin-3, having an apparent molecular weight between 29 and 35 kDa, is a member of a galectin family of mammalian carbohydrate-binding proteins consisting so far of 14 reported members. Galectin-3 is predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and may translocate to the perinuclear membrane, nucleus and get secreted into the extracellular matrix (ECM). It is involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and adhesion, immune responses, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, galectin-3 can act as a receptor for advanced glycation end-products. Recent studies have shown that galectin-3 is associated with many hepatic diseases, such as fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. Here, we will review the relationship between galectin-3 and hepatic diseases.
Key Words: Galectin-3; Liver disease; Fatty liver; Liver cancer
Citation: Duan XY, Fan JG. Advances in research on relationship between galectin-3 and liver diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17(19): 1909-1912
Nakahara S, Raz A. Regulation of cancer-related gene expression by galectin-3 and the molecular mechanism of its nuclear import pathway.Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2007;26:605-610.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Kim H, Lee J, Hyun JW, Park JW, Joo HG, Shin T. Expression and immunohistochemical localization of galectin-3 in various mouse tissues.Cell Biol Int. 2007;31:655-662.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Califice S, Castronovo V, Bracke M, van den Brûle F. Dual activities of galectin-3 in human prostate cancer: tumor suppression of nuclear galectin-3 vs tumor promotion of cytoplasmic galectin-3.Oncogene. 2004;23:7527-7536.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Li Y, Komai-Koma M, Gilchrist DS, Hsu DK, Liu FT, Springall T, Xu D. Galectin-3 is a negative regulator of lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation.J Immunol. 2008;181:2781-2789.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Matarrese P, Tinari N, Semeraro ML, Natoli C, Iacobelli S, Malorni W. Galectin-3 overexpression protects from cell damage and death by influencing mitochondrial homeostasis.FEBS Lett. 2000;473:311-315.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Peng W, Wang HY, Miyahara Y, Peng G, Wang RF. Tumor-associated galectin-3 modulates the function of tumor-reactive T cells.Cancer Res. 2008;68:7228-7236.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Iacobini C, Menini S, Oddi G, Ricci C, Amadio L, Pricci F, Olivieri A, Sorcini M, Di Mario U, Pesce C. Galectin-3/AGE-receptor 3 knockout mice show accelerated AGE-induced glomerular injury: evidence for a protective role of galectin-3 as an AGE receptor.FASEB J. 2004;18:1773-1775.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Nomoto K, Tsuneyama K, Abdel Aziz HO, Takahashi H, Murai Y, Cui ZG, Fujimoto M, Kato I, Hiraga K, Hsu DK. Disrupted galectin-3 causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in male mice.J Pathol. 2006;210:469-477.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Butscheid M, Hauptvogel P, Fritz P, Klotz U, Alscher DM. Hepatic expression of galectin-3 and receptor for advanced glycation end products in patients with liver disease.J Clin Pathol. 2007;60:415-418.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Hsu DK, Dowling CA, Jeng KC, Chen JT, Yang RY, Liu FT. Galectin-3 expression is induced in cirrhotic liver and hepatocellular carcinoma.Int J Cancer. 1999;81:519-526.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Maeda N, Kawada N, Seki S, Arakawa T, Ikeda K, Iwao H, Okuyama H, Hirabayashi J, Kasai K, Yoshizato K. Stimulation of proliferation of rat hepatic stellate cells by galectin-1 and galectin-3 through different intracellular signaling pathways.J Biol Chem. 2003;278:18938-18944.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Maeda N, Kawada N, Seki S, Ikeda K, Okuyama H, Hirabayashi J, Kasai KI, Yoshizato K. Involvement of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in Proliferation and Migration of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells in Culture.Comp Hepatol. 2004;3 Suppl 1:S10.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Chung EJ, Sung YK, Farooq M, Kim Y, Im S, Tak WY, Hwang YJ, Kim YI, Han HS, Kim JC. Gene expression profile analysis in human hepatocellular carcinoma by cDNA microarray.Mol Cells. 2002;14:382-387.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Matsuda Y, Yamagiwa Y, Fukushima K, Ueno Y, Shimosegawa T. Expression of galectin-3 involved in prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatol Res. 2008;38:1098-1111.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Huang ZL, Liu HY. [Expression of galectin-3 in liver metastasis of colon cancer and the inhibitory effect of modified citrus pectin].Nanfang Yike Daxue Xuebao. 2008;28:1358-1361.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Liu HY, Huang ZL, Yang GH, Lu WQ, Yu NR. Inhibitory effect of modified citrus pectin on liver metastases in a mouse colon cancer model.World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:7386-7391.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Inufusa H, Nakamura M, Adachi T, Aga M, Kurimoto M, Nakatani Y, Wakano T, Miyake M, Okuno K, Shiozaki H. Role of galectin-3 in adenocarcinoma liver metastasis.Int J Oncol. 2001;19:913-919.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Yamazaki K, Kawai A, Kawaguchi M, Hibino Y, Li F, Sasahara M, Tsukada K, Hiraga K. Simultaneous induction of galectin-3 phosphorylated on tyrosine residue, p21(WAF1/Cip1/Sdi1), and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen at a distinctive period of repair of hepatocytes injured by CCl4.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001;280:1077-1084.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Li F, Kato I, Kawaguchi H, Takasawa K, Hibino Y, Hiraga K. The galectin-3 gene promoter binding proteins in the liver of rats 48-h post-treatment with CCl4.Gene. 2006;367:46-55.
[PubMed] [DOI]
Lee YJ, Song YK. Cooperative interaction between interleukin 10 and galectin-3 against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.Clin Cancer Res. 2002;8:217-220.
[PubMed] [DOI]